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The minimum standard process for the certification and accreditation of systems handling U.S. national security information is NIACAP, which stands for the National Information Assurance Certification and Accreditation Process. NIACAP is specifically designed to ensure that information systems in the U.S. federal government, particularly those that are involved with national security, are adequately assessed for security risks and accredited to operate within defined security parameters.

NIACAP provides a structured approach to evaluating the security posture of systems and ensuring that appropriate controls are in place, making it particularly relevant for systems handling sensitive government information. This process encompasses various phases, such as system identification, certification, and continuous monitoring, which are critical in maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of national security information.

While FISMA establishes a framework for federal information security management, and NIST SP 800-53 provides guidelines for selecting and specifying security controls for federal information systems, neither of them serves specifically as the standard process for certification and accreditation of systems dealing with national security. ISO 27001 is a global standard for information security management systems but does not pertain specifically to U.S. national security considerations. Therefore, NIACAP is the most suitable answer in this context.